Верховная Личность Бога

Статья из раздела Философия индуизма

Школы Санкхья · Йога · Ньяя · Вайшешика · Пурва-мимамса · Веданта (Адвайта · Вишишта-адвайта · Двайта · Ачинтья-бхеда-абхеда)

Философы и мыслители Древние Валмики · Капила · Патанджали · Гаутама · Канада · Джаймини · Вьяса · Маркандея · Ягьявалкья Средневековые Ади Шанкара · Рамануджа · Мадхва · Нимбарка · Вишнусвами · Валлабха · Анандавардхана · Абхинавагупта · Мадхусудана · Намадева · Тукарам · Тулсидас · Кабир · Васугупта · Чайтанья Современные Ганди · Сарвепалли Радхакришнан · Свами Вивекананда · Рамана Махарши · Ауробиндо · Шивананда · Кумарасвами · А. Ч. Бхактиведанта Свами Прабхупада

Портал «Индуизм»

Свая́м-бхагава́н (svayam bhagavān^? «Сам Бог») — богословское понятие в индуизме, используемое в монотеистическом контексте для обозначения Кришны как Верховной ипостаси Бога и источника всех аватар.(Gupta 2007, p.36 note 9)^[1]

Кришна рассматривается как сваям-бхагаван и считается изначальным источником как Вишну, так и всех аватар в таких вайшнавских сампрадаях, как гаудия-вайшнавизм,^{[2] [3]} Валлабха-сампрадая,^[4] и Нимбарка-сампрадая. Среди священных писаний индуизма, основным источником данного понимание Кришны является «Бхагавата-пурана».^[1](1.3.28).^[5]

В контексте некоторых религиозных текстов и течений вайшнавизма, понятие изредка применяется также и по отношению к другим формам или ипостасям Кришны или Вишну.

В вайшнавизме преобладает на первый взгляд противоположная богословская концепция, согласно которой Кришна является аватарой Нараяны или Вишну. Несмотря на то, что в контексте вайшнавизма принято говорить о Вишну как о источнике всех аватар, Вишну является одним из имён монотеистического Бога, которое используется наряду с такими именами как Нараяна, Васудева и Кришна, причём за каждым из этих имён стоит одна из ипостасей Верховной Личности Бога.^[6]

Примечания

1. ↑ Ошибка цитированияНеверный тег <ref>; для сносок Gupta2007 не указан текст
2. ↑ Ошибка цитированияНеверный тег <ref>; для сносок RKm не указан текст
3. ↑ The Chaitanya Movement: A Study of the Vaishnavism of Bengal. — H. Milford, Oxford university press, 1925.
4. ↑ An introduction to Hinduism. — Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996. — С. 341. — ISBN 0-521-43878-0«Early Vaishnava worship focuses on three deities who become fused together, namely Vasudeva-Krishna, Krishna-Gopala and Narayana, who in turn all become identified with Vishnu. Put simply, Vasudeva-Krishna and Krishna-Gopala were worshiped by groups generally refered to as Bhagavatas, while Narayana was worshipped by the Pancaratra sect.»
5. ↑ Essential Hinduism S. Rosen, 2006, Greenwood Publishing Group p.124 ISBN 0275990060
6. ↑ Matchett 2000, p. 4

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